How does a catalytic converter improve engine performance?

A catalytic converter plays a crucial role in improving engine performance primarily by reducing harmful emissions. It does this by converting harmful exhaust gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides into less harmful substances like carbon dioxide and nitrogen. This transformation not only helps the environment but also allows the engine to operate more efficiently by maintaining optimal exhaust flow and combustion efficiency.

When a vehicle emits fewer pollutants, it can enhance overall performance as the engine can function more effectively under regulated conditions. This improved efficiency can lead to better throttle response and increased acceleration. Thus, although the catalytic converter does not directly increase horsepower, its function in managing emissions contributes significantly to the overall performance and reliability of the engine.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect the catalytic converter’s function. It does not increase horsepower, improve fuel octane rating, or enhance engine lubrication directly. Rather, its primary role lies in emissions control, which indirectly supports healthier engine performance.